Design thinking and decision-making for web UI. Use when designing components, layouts, color schemes, typography, or creating aesthetic interfaces. Teaches principles, not fixed values.
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name: frontend-design description: Design thinking and decision-making for web UI. Use when designing components, layouts, color schemes, typography, or creating aesthetic interfaces. Teaches principles, not fixed values.
Frontend Design System
Philosophy: Every pixel has purpose. Restraint is luxury. User psychology drives decisions. Core Principle: THINK, don't memorize. ASK, don't assume.
π΄ MANDATORY: Read ALL Reference Files Before Working!
β DO NOT start designing until you read these files:
| File | Content | Status |
|---|---|---|
| color-system.md | Color theory, emotion mapping | β¬ Read |
| typography-system.md | Font pairing, scales | β¬ Read |
| visual-effects.md | Glassmorphism, shadows, gradients | β¬ Read |
| animation-guide.md | Motion, timing, easing | β¬ Read |
| motion-graphics.md | Lottie, GSAP, SVG, 3D | β¬ Read |
| decision-trees.md | Context templates | β¬ Read |
| ux-psychology.md | Hick's, Fitts', Trust, Emotion | β¬ CRITICAL |
π΄ ux-psychology.md is OFTEN SKIPPED but ESSENTIAL! It contains user psychology laws that affect EVERY design decision.
β οΈ CRITICAL: ASK BEFORE ASSUMING (MANDATORY)
STOP! If the user's request is open-ended, DO NOT default to your favorites.
When User Prompt is Vague, ASK:
Color not specified? Ask:
"What color palette do you prefer? (blue/green/orange/neutral/other?)"
Style not specified? Ask:
"What style are you going for? (minimal/bold/retro/futuristic/organic?)"
Layout not specified? Ask:
"Do you have a layout preference? (single column/grid/asymmetric/full-width?)"
β DEFAULT TENDENCIES TO AVOID (ANTI-SAFE HARBOR):
| AI Default Tendency | Why It's Bad | Think Instead |
|---|---|---|
| Bento Grids (Modern ClichΓ©) | Used in every AI design | Why does this content NEED a grid? |
| Hero Split (Left/Right) | Predictable & Boring | How about Massive Typography or Vertical Narrative? |
| Mesh/Aurora Gradients | The "new" lazy background | What's a radical color pairing? |
| Glassmorphism | AI's idea of "premium" | How about solid, high-contrast flat? |
| Deep Cyan / Fintech Blue | Safe harbor from purple ban | Why not Red, Black, or Neon Green? |
| "Orchestrate / Empower" | AI-generated copywriting | How would a human say this? |
| Dark background + neon glow | Overused, "AI look" | What does the BRAND actually need? |
| Rounded everything | Generic/Safe | Where can I use sharp, brutalist edges? |
π΄ "Every 'safe' structure you choose brings you one step closer to a generic template. TAKE RISKS."
1. Constraint Analysis (ALWAYS FIRST)
Before any design work, ANSWER THESE or ASK USER:
| Constraint | Question | Why It Matters |
|---|---|---|
| Timeline | How much time? | Determines complexity |
| Content | Ready or placeholder? | Affects layout flexibility |
| Brand | Existing guidelines? | May dictate colors/fonts |
| Tech | What stack? | Affects capabilities |
| Audience | Who exactly? | Drives all visual decisions |
Audience β Design Approach
| Audience | Think About |
|---|---|
| Gen Z | Bold, fast, mobile-first, authentic |
| Millennials | Clean, minimal, value-driven |
| Gen X | Familiar, trustworthy, clear |
| Boomers | Readable, high contrast, simple |
| B2B | Professional, data-focused, trust |
| Luxury | Restrained elegance, whitespace |
2. UX Psychology Principles
Core Laws (Internalize These)
| Law | Principle | Application |
|---|---|---|
| Hick's Law | More choices = slower decisions | Limit options, use progressive disclosure |
| Fitts' Law | Bigger + closer = easier to click | Size CTAs appropriately |
| Miller's Law | ~7 items in working memory | Chunk content into groups |
| Von Restorff | Different = memorable | Make CTAs visually distinct |
| Serial Position | First/last remembered most | Key info at start/end |
Emotional Design Levels
VISCERAL (instant) β First impression: colors, imagery, overall feel
BEHAVIORAL (use) β Using it: speed, feedback, efficiency
REFLECTIVE (memory) β After: "I like what this says about me"
Trust Building
- Security indicators on sensitive actions
- Social proof where relevant
- Clear contact/support access
- Consistent, professional design
- Transparent policies
3. Layout Principles
Golden Ratio (Ο = 1.618)
Use for proportional harmony:
βββ Content : Sidebar = roughly 62% : 38%
βββ Each heading size = previous Γ 1.618 (for dramatic scale)
βββ Spacing can follow: sm β md β lg (each Γ 1.618)
8-Point Grid Concept
All spacing and sizing in multiples of 8:
βββ Tight: 4px (half-step for micro)
βββ Small: 8px
βββ Medium: 16px
βββ Large: 24px, 32px
βββ XL: 48px, 64px, 80px
βββ Adjust based on content density
Key Sizing Principles
| Element | Consideration |
|---|---|
| Touch targets | Minimum comfortable tap size |
| Buttons | Height based on importance hierarchy |
| Inputs | Match button height for alignment |
| Cards | Consistent padding, breathable |
| Reading width | 45-75 characters optimal |
4. Color Principles
60-30-10 Rule
60% β Primary/Background (calm, neutral base)
30% β Secondary (supporting areas)
10% β Accent (CTAs, highlights, attention)
Color Psychology (For Decision Making)
| If You Need... | Consider Hues | Avoid |
|---|---|---|
| Trust, calm | Blue family | Aggressive reds |
| Growth, nature | Green family | Industrial grays |
| Energy, urgency | Orange, red | Passive blues |
| Luxury, creativity | Deep Teal, Gold, Emerald | Cheap-feeling brights |
| Clean, minimal | Neutrals | Overwhelming color |
Selection Process
- What's the industry? (narrows options)
- What's the emotion? (picks primary)
- Light or dark mode? (sets foundation)
- ASK USER if not specified
For detailed color theory: color-system.md
5. Typography Principles
Scale Selection
| Content Type | Scale Ratio | Feel |
|---|---|---|
| Dense UI | 1.125-1.2 | Compact, efficient |
| General web | 1.25 | Balanced (most common) |
| Editorial | 1.333 | Readable, spacious |
| Hero/display | 1.5-1.618 | Dramatic impact |
Pairing Concept
Contrast + Harmony:
βββ DIFFERENT enough for hierarchy
βββ SIMILAR enough for cohesion
βββ Usually: display + neutral, or serif + sans
Readability Rules
- Line length: 45-75 characters optimal
- Line height: 1.4-1.6 for body text
- Contrast: Check WCAG requirements
- Size: 16px+ for body on web
For detailed typography: typography-system.md
6. Visual Effects Principles
Glassmorphism (When Appropriate)
Key properties:
βββ Semi-transparent background
βββ Backdrop blur
βββ Subtle border for definition
βββ β οΈ **WARNING:** Standard blue/white glassmorphism is a modern clichΓ©. Use it radically or not at all.
Shadow Hierarchy
Elevation concept:
βββ Higher elements = larger shadows
βββ Y-offset > X-offset (light from above)
βββ Multiple layers = more realistic
βββ Dark mode: may need glow instead
Gradient Usage
Harmonious gradients:
βββ Adjacent colors on wheel (analogous)
βββ OR same hue, different lightness
βββ Avoid harsh complementary pairs
βββ π« **NO Mesh/Aurora Gradients** (floating blobs)
βββ VARY from project to project radically
For complete effects guide: visual-effects.md
7. Animation Principles
Timing Concept
Duration based on:
βββ Distance (further = longer)
βββ Size (larger = slower)
βββ Importance (critical = clear)
βββ Context (urgent = fast, luxury = slow)
Easing Selection
| Action | Easing | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Entering | Ease-out | Decelerate, settle in |
| Leaving | Ease-in | Accelerate, exit |
| Emphasis | Ease-in-out | Smooth, deliberate |
| Playful | Bounce | Fun, energetic |
Performance
- Animate only transform and opacity
- Respect reduced-motion preference
- Test on low-end devices
For animation patterns: animation-guide.md, for advanced: motion-graphics.md
8. "Wow Factor" Checklist
Premium Indicators
- Generous whitespace (luxury = breathing room)
- Subtle depth and dimension
- Smooth, purposeful animations
- Attention to detail (alignment, consistency)
- Cohesive visual rhythm
- Custom elements (not all defaults)
Trust Builders
- Security cues where appropriate
- Social proof / testimonials
- Clear value proposition
- Professional imagery
- Consistent design language
Emotional Triggers
- Hero that evokes intended emotion
- Human elements (faces, stories)
- Progress/achievement indicators
- Moments of delight
9. Anti-Patterns (What NOT to Do)
β Lazy Design Indicators
- Default system fonts without consideration
- Stock imagery that doesn't match
- Inconsistent spacing
- Too many competing colors
- Walls of text without hierarchy
- Inaccessible contrast
β AI Tendency Patterns (AVOID!)
- Same colors every project
- Dark + neon as default
- Purple/violet everything (PURPLE BAN β )
- Bento grids for simple landing pages
- Mesh Gradients & Glow Effects
- Same layout structure / Vercel clone
- Not asking user preferences
β Dark Patterns (Unethical)
- Hidden costs
- Fake urgency
- Forced actions
- Deceptive UI
- Confirmshaming
10. Decision Process Summary
For EVERY design task:
1. CONSTRAINTS
βββ What's the timeline, brand, tech, audience?
βββ If unclear β ASK
2. CONTENT
βββ What content exists?
βββ What's the hierarchy?
3. STYLE DIRECTION
βββ What's appropriate for context?
βββ If unclear β ASK (don't default!)
4. EXECUTION
βββ Apply principles above
βββ Check against anti-patterns
5. REVIEW
βββ "Does this serve the user?"
βββ "Is this different from my defaults?"
βββ "Would I be proud of this?"
Reference Files
For deeper guidance on specific areas:
- color-system.md - Color theory and selection process
- typography-system.md - Font pairing and scale decisions
- visual-effects.md - Effects principles and techniques
- animation-guide.md - Motion design principles
- motion-graphics.md - Advanced: Lottie, GSAP, SVG, 3D, Particles
- decision-trees.md - Context-specific templates
- ux-psychology.md - User psychology deep dive
Remember: Design is THINKING, not copying. Every project deserves fresh consideration based on its unique context and users. Avoid the Modern SaaS Safe Harbor!
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